Analysis of Structural Mechanisms in Transformable Roofs: Prominent Global Examples

Document Type : Original

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Art, University of Kashan

2 MSc Student of Architectural Technology Engineering, University of Kashan

3 Ph.D Candidate in Architecture, University of art,

Abstract

In recent years, the use of deployable structures has drawn the attention of many architects and engineers due to their flexibility. By providing favorable conditions for spaces and creating dynamics and flexibility in buildings, transformable roofs have been used in many global projects. In this research, the structural mechanisms of transformable roofs are investigated and analyzed. The transformation mechanism of these roofs is classified here into four groups: rigid, membrane, scissor, and umbrella mechanisms. While explaining the processes and the mode of movement in each mechanism, one prominent project is analyzed as an example of each group. Then, 60 examples of transformable roof structures built around the world during the last six decades are briefly analyzed. The results of this study show that transformable roofs are used extensively in stadiums and sports centers. The rigid and membrane mechanisms are the most used mechanisms for transformable roofs and truss and cable structures are the most used systems. These roofs are used to cover spans of more than 300 meters. The span-to-thickness ratio of the roof changes from about 30 to 240, where the highest value is for membrane mechanisms. The cover material for retractable roofs in all four groups includes lightweight materials including Teflon, ETFE, and PVC.

Keywords

References

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