Behavior of Masonry Structures in Architectural Education Utilizing Rigid Blocks Models

Document Type : Original

Authors

1 PhD. Candidate, School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran Faculty of Architecture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

2 Professor, School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran

Abstract

Despite the challenges and significance of the field, the behavior of masonry structures has not been sufficiently addressed in structural education of architecture curricula. For this purpose, this paper reflects the results of a four-year action research in the praxis paradigm which was done through several educational cycles. This study concentrates on the education of masonry structures in the introductory levels of architecture curricula. It explores how the behavior of masonry structures can be instructed to architecture students and how to develop an education model.  The study takes an experimental approach using the kinematic study of rigid block models in the framework of the theory of plasticity and limit state analysis. It considers the effects of settlement and earthquake as instability factors by a displacement-based approach. It was shown that some basic concepts and problems of limit state analysis such as yielding, creating plastic hinges, and the relation of the location of plastic hinges with the geometrical proportions of a structure could be taught by the kinematic study of rigid block models. The proposed educational model is based on students’ experiments on physical models and the instructor’s stage-by-stage queries with a focus on observation. As a result, the proposed education model can be utilized by instructors to improve education in this field.
 

Keywords

References

ـ ایزدپناه، فرزین، و عیسی حجت. 1400. تأملی بر چالش‌ها و راهکارها در آموزش مکانیک سازه در معماری برای نوآموزان. مطالعات معماری ایران 10 (19)، 137ـ164.
ـ بیکر، ج.، و ژ. هیمن. 1391. طرح و تحلیل پلاستیک قاب‌ها. جلد اول: اصول و مفاهیم. ترجمۀ علی کاوه. تهران: دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران.
- Alexakis, Haris and Makris, Nicos. 2017. Hinging Mechanisms of Masonry Single-Nave Barre, Journal of Structural Engineering, 143 (6), 04017026.
- Allen Edward and et al.2010. Form and Forces. New Jersey: Willey and Sons.
- Gary Black, R. & Duff, S. 1994, A Model for Teaching Structures: Finite Element Analysis in Architectural Education, Journal of Architectural Education, pp. 38-55.
- Block, Philipe, 2022. https://block.arch.ethz.ch/brg/research/appropriate-construction-for-africa.
- Block, Ph., M. J. DeJong and J. Ochsendorf. 2006. As Hangs the Flexible Line: Equilibrium of Masonry Arches. Nexus network journal 8 (2): 13-24.
- Clemente, P. 1998. Introduction of Stone Arches. Int. J. of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics )27): 513-522.
- De Jong, M. J. 2009. Seismic Assessment Atrategies for Masonry Structures. Ph.D. thesis. Massachusetts institute of technology.
- Heyman, J. 2008, Basic Structural Theory, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Heyman, J. 1966. The Stone Skeleton. Int. J. of Solids Structures (2): 249-279.
- Housner, George W. ,1963. The Behavior of Inverted Pendulum Structurs during Erthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. VoL 53, No. 2, pp. 403-417. February, 1963.
- Huerta, S. 2006. Galileo Was Wrong: The Geometrical Design of Masonry Arches. Nexus Network Journal 8 (2): 25-51.
- Huerta, Santiago.2005.The Use of Simple Models in the Teaching of the Essentials of Masonry Arch , International Seminar, Theory and Practice of Construction: Knowledege, Means, Models.Ravenna 2005, 747-761.
- Huerta, S. 2001. Mechanics of Masonry Vaults: The Equilibrium Approach. Historical Constructions, P.B. Lourenço, and P. Roca (Eds.): 47-70.
- Neal B. Mitchell Jr. 1961. A Proposal for a Sequence of Structure Courses, Journal of Architectural Education, 15:4, 29-32, DOI: 10.1080/10464883.1961.11102442.
- Ochsendorf, J. 2005. Collapse of Masonry Structure. Ph.D. thesis. Cambridge University.
- Ochsendorf J. 2004. A Displacement-based Approach for the Safety Assessment of Masonry Structure. Proceedings of the Forth Iinternational Seminar on Structural Analysis of Historical Construction, Padova, Italy: 10-13.
- Oppenheim, I. J. 1996. Earthquake Analysis of Masonry Structure, 11th Conference on Earthquake Engineering.
- Piggot-Irvine, E. 2002. Rhetoric and Practice in Action Research, The Annual Conference of the British Educational Research Association, University of Exeter, 12-14 September 2002 .

- Sandaker, Bjørn N., Arne P. Eggen, and  Mark R. Cruvellier. 2013. The Structural Basis of Architecture. UK: Routledge.

- https://www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/lesson/555.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics