Factors Affecting Vitality in the Collective Spaces of Mid-rise Residential Complexes, District 22 of Tehran

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original

Authors

1 Ph.D. in Architecture, School of Architecture and Urban Design Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University

2 Associate Professor, School of Architecture and Urban Design Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University

3 Associate Professor, School of Humanities, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University

Abstract

In recent years, the decline in the vitality of the collective spaces of residential complexes, especially in major Iranian cities such as Tehran, has raised significant concern among urban designers and policymakers. Key factors contributing to this issue include weak physical design, a lack of supportive environments for social interaction, and the neglect of behavioral and semantic dimensions, all of which diminish urban livability. This study aims to analyze and structurally model the relationships between physical, behavioral-movement, and perceptual-semantic components and the level of vitality in the collective spaces of mid-rise residential complexes in District 22 of Tehran. Using a mixed-methods approach in a sequential exploratory design, the research first employed content analysis and interviews in the qualitative phase, followed by a structured questionnaire in the quantitative phase. In this model, physical variables (including form, function, concept, technology, and integration) are treated as independent variables; behavioral-movement variables (desirability, comfort, presence, and territoriality) as mediators; and perceptual-semantic variables (dynamism, attachment, satisfaction, responsiveness, and tranquility) as dependent variables. Data collection utilized a structured questionnaire, with responses collected from 255 residents of selected mid-rise complexes via random sampling. Sampling adequacy was confirmed using the KMO test, and the questionnaire's reliability and validity were verified using Cronbach’s alpha and model fit indices. Data were analyzed using path modeling and structural equation modeling in SPSS and AMOS. The analysis revealed three significant relationships with strong effect sizes: (1) physical values, mediated by behavioral-movement variables, contributing to revitalizing residents’ vitality; (2) behavioral values, also shaped by movement-related factors, playing a significant role in enhancing vitality; and (3) perceptual-semantic values, as dependent indicators of vitality, directly influenced by physical components. Among physical variables, "form" had the most significant impact as an independent factor; among behavioral-movement variables, the domain of physical values demonstrated the strongest mediating role; and among the vitality indicators, "dynamism" was the most influential dependent variable.

Keywords

References

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