Architecture and Justice in Imam Ali (AS) Era

The inquiry into justice in architecture actually concerns the allocation and distribution of spatial benefits and locational advantages. The article examines the meaning of just architecture and the relationship between two concepts according to a highly prominent character in early Islam — Imam Ali (AS), the first Imam of Shiites and the fourth Caliph of Muslims. The adopted research strategy is historical interpretive method, employing a conceptual history approach. So, the study first reviews existing research to explore Imam Ali’s (AS) conception of justice and identify its conceptual framework. Subsequently, the spatial interventions of Imam Ali (AS) — both in theory and practice — are examined through historical and narrative sources, analyzing their various forms to reveal his preferred approach to spatial modifications and the distribution of spatial benefits.

As a result, a framework of concepts emerges, clarifying the notion of just architecture according to the fourth Caliph. These concepts include: "Intention" (Niyyah) of construction as a fundamental principle, emphasizing the meaning or inner purpose of the structure; Public welfare (Salah) or the greatest benefit for the greatest number; Redistribution of spatial advantages in a way that empowers the disadvantaged and eliminates discrimination; Incorporation of a virtuous meaning; Fostering public affection and trust. These concepts also contribute to understanding his broader conception of justice.