Architecture in relation to Exact Sciences according to Scientific Literatures in Medieval Islam

Relations of architecture to exact sciences (mathematics and technology) in medieval Islam have not been investigated properly due to vast extent of these sciences and limited multidisciplinary studies in both fields. Furthermore, the recognition of these relations will not be achieved completely without taking into account the intellectual legacy of scientists of the mentioned era. The purpose of this paper investigates part of these relations with reference to mathematical texts and scientific encyclopedias from the 8th to the 17th century. The present research analyzes interactions of exact sciences with architecture and dependent arts in two categories: classification of sciences and application of mathematics in evolution of architecture based on historical interpretation method. The research findings show that architecture, despite profound linkage to exact sciences in design and construction stages, is not classified as one of the respective sciences due to difference in nature and goals. Although architects and masons did not have any direct relation to scientific and technical legacy of mathematicians it is inferred from historical evidences that the mentioned legacy was translated and developed into scientific language by means of semi-mathematician and pioneer architects.